Main Ref. | Lim, P., S. Lek, S.T. Touch, S.-O. Mao and B. Chhouk, 1999 |
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Remarks | Lives in highland streams to lowland wetlands (Ref. 57235). Usually found in streams and rivers with sand, pebble, or boulder substrate. Seldom leaves the bottom except when disturbed. Also occurs in still waters, both in coastal marshes and dry zone tanks. Sometimes stays partially buried in fine substrate. Enters flooded forest (Ref. 9497). Reported to occur in areas with rocky bottoms in the Mekong mainstream during the dry season, but enter canals, lakes and other floodplain areas during the flood season (Ref. 37770). Forages at night on benthic insect larvae, worms and some submerged plant material (Ref. 12693). Common during the summer months. Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. | Halwart, M. and M.V. Gupta, 2004 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Lim, P., S. Lek, S.T. Touch, S.-O. Mao and B. Chhouk, 1999 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Weliange, W.S. and U.S. Amarasinghe, 2007 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.34 | 0.55 | |||
From individual food items | 2.78 | 0.27 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Weliange, W.S. and U.S. Amarasinghe, 2007 |