Main Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
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Remarks | Adults occur alone or in small schools; juveniles form large schools in shallow, sheltered sandy areas. Juveniles appear to live in shallow, inshore waters such as seagrass (Ref. 41878) and mangrove areas, the fish moving into deeper water as they age (Ref. 27260, 28202). In the Gulf of Carpentaria, L. nebulosus associates with L. laticaudis usually in depths of greater than 30 m (Ref. 28202). Inhabits inshore, coastal waters associated with coral and rocky reefs. Forms small schools that are visible above reefs in an almost motionless state. Believed to be attributed to feeding as its diet consists of organisms suspended in the water column such as small crabs and marine worms (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
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Substrate Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | schooling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.76 | 0.19 | 3.29 | 0.40 | Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies. |
From individual food items | 3.78 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 |