Main Ref. | Kuiter, R.H., 1993 |
---|---|
Remarks | Inhabits turbulent sandy beach zones (Ref. 9002). Feeds on large teleosts and invertebrates (Ref. 53687). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Soft Bottom |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.03 | 0.10 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
From individual food items | 3.59 | 0.52 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Hourston, M., M.E. Platell, E.J. Valesini and I.C. Potter, 2004 |