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生態學： Labrus merula
 
主要參考文獻 Bauchot, M.-L., 1987
附註 Found around rocks and seaweeds. Sometimes schooling, more solitary when older. Feeds on sea urchins, ophiuroids, molluscs, crabs and worms. Mature when 2 years old (15-20 cm). Spawns during February to May in western Mediterranean..

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • 河口/瀉湖/半鹹淡水海洋
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • 洞
  • 專門地
Highighted items on the list are where Labrus merula may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

參考文獻
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

進食

攝取食物的類型 mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Bauchot, M.-L., 1987
攝取食物的習慣 hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Bauchot, M.-L., 1987
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method 最初的樣本 不捕獲族群 附註
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
從食物內容 3.55 0.46 3.13 0.28 Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
從個別的食物項目 3.45 0.44 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
參考文獻 Dulčić, J, 1999
(例如 346)
(例如 oophagy)
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