| Ref. principal | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Species usually solitary in lagoon and seaward reef areas with fine to loose, coarse sand bottoms (Ref. 1602). Juveniles sometimes in shallow estuaries (Ref. 48636). Adults rare in less than 20 m (Ref. 9710). Dive into the sand when threatened. Feed on hard-shelled invertebrates, including mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 9311). Mobile-invertebrate feeder (Ref. 57615). Juveniles mimic drifting dead leaves by holding the elongate detached front part of dorsal fin forward over head. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Soft Bottom: sand ( coarse, ); |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | Myers, R.F., 1991 |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs: lagoons; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | |||||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.54 | 0.46 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||