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Ecology of Hyperoplus immaculatus
 
Main Ref. Reay, P.J., 1986
Remarks Inhabits inshore and offshore, although only juveniles appear to occur close inshore. Feeds initially on zooplankton, but for lengths greater than 10 to 15 cm small fish, such as clupeids and ammodytids dominate the diet.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Hyperoplus immaculatus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Acuan
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Reay, P.J., 1986
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Reay, P.J., 1986
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items 4.38 0.77 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Acuan
(contoh 346)
(contoh oophagy)
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