| Main Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Lives among seaweeds (Ref. 9137), sponges and in algal reefs (Ref. 52034). Dwells in loose rock/pebble/gravel substrates (Ref. 128812). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Camins, E., L.M. Stanton, M.J. Correia and A.C.J. Vincent, 2023 |
| Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.45 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||