Main Ref. | Ebert, D.A., S. Fowler and M. Dando, 2021 |
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Remarks | Found on continental and island shelves and slopes, occasionally near surface or inshore from 0 to 700 m depth. Feeds on small to medium-sized bony fishes and occassionally on crustaceans (Ref. 125614). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ebert, D.A., S. Fowler and M. Dando, 2021 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.24 | 0.70 | 4.13 | 0.64 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.98 | 0.65 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 |