Main Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
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Remarks | Lives in pairs but known to form large aggregations, particularly if juvenile. Feeds on zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and occasionally algae. (Ref. 127989). Found on coral slopes. Juveniles in large groups at base of reef, sometimes with H. diphreutes; adults usually solitary or paired, occasionally in groups. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs: reef slope/drop-offs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. Dulčić, E. Massutí and L. Orsi-Relini, 2021 |
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Associations | |
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Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.45 | 0.41 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |