Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
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Remarks | Occurs primarily on coral reefs under ledges or near small caves (Ref. 7251). Often seen during the day around the bases of corals (Ref. 26938). Feeds at night on crabs, shrimps, and polychaetes. Mobile invertebrate feeder (Ref. 57616). Easily approached (Ref. 9710). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986 |
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Associations | solitary; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | Secretive and usually solitary. |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.52 | 0.30 | 3.40 | 0.46 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.50 | 0.37 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |