Ecology Summary - Epinephelus radiatus

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Main Ref.	Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993
Remarks	Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Adults are found at depths between 80 to 383 m; juveniles in 18 to 20 m (Ref. 5222). Attain 70 cm TL (Ref. 58472). The species is apparently rare (Ref. 5222). Dwells in rocky substrates. Juveniles prefer shallow waters of about 18-20m deep. Reportedly enters estuaries despite intolerance of low salinities. Feeds on small fishes, crustaceans, crabs and lobsters (Ref. 9773).

Main Ref.

Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993

Remarks

Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Adults are found at depths between 80 to 383 m; juveniles in 18 to 20 m (Ref. 5222). Attain 70 cm TL (Ref. 58472). The species is apparently rare (Ref. 5222). Dwells in rocky substrates. Juveniles prefer shallow waters of about 18-20m deep. Reportedly enters estuaries despite intolerance of low salinities. Feeds on small fishes, crustaceans, crabs and lobsters (Ref. 9773).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Epinephelus radiatus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic; Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.83	0.61			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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