Ecology of Eleutheronema tetradactylum
 
Main Ref. Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Remarks Occur inshore (Ref. 75154). There is little information on the life cycle movements of threadfin salmon. Tagging programs (Ref. 28741) have shown that adult blue threadfin move long distances along the coastline for at least 150 km. Blue salmon form large schools in feeding and spawning habitats in coastal shallows (Williams 1997). Feed on prawns and fish (largely members of Mugilidae, Engraulidae, and Sciaenidae) with occasional polychaetes. Frequency of crustaceans to fish in the diet varies seasonally. Larvae (7-30 mm TL) feed mainly on copepods and mysids but also take shrimps and prawn larvae (Ref. 57343). Juveniles (31-60 TL) feed on prawns shrimps and mysids (Ref. 57343).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Eleutheronema tetradactylum may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref. Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 4.06 0.47 4.61 0.92 Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
From individual food items 4.11 0.70 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref. Salini, J.P., D.T. Brewer and S.J.M. Blaber, 1998
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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