Ecology of Echeneis naucrates
 
Main Ref. Fischer, W., M.-L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.), 1987
Remarks Most abundant remora in warm waters (Ref. 4389). Occurs near as well as far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Often found free-swimming in shallow inshore areas and around coral reefs (Refs. 26938, 58534, 9773). Attaches temporarily to a variety of hosts including sharks, rays, large bony fishes or sea turtles, whales, dolphins and also to ships (Also Ref. 9773). May follow divers (Ref. 9710). Feeds on small fishes, bits of its host's prey and host's parasites (Ref. 26938). Juvenile occasionally acts as reef station-based cleaners, where they service parrotfishes (Ref. 40095). Free-swimming or attached to host, most often to sharks. Feeds on zooplankton, benthic organisms and detritus (Ref. 33). Acts as cleaners of several species of reef fishes (Ref. 40095). Sometimes used by natives to aid in fishing; a line is tied to the caudal peduncle of the remora and then is released; upon attaching to another fish, the remora and its host are hauled in by the fisher (Ref. 9682). Inhabits inshore waters as opposed to the offshore habitat of the other members of its family (Ref. 9773).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Echeneis naucrates may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; Other habitats: vertebrates boat hulls;
Special habitats Ref. Broad, G., 2003

Associations

Ref.
Associations symbiosis;
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
Feeding habit picking parasites off a host (cleaner)
Feeding habit Ref. Sazima, I., R.L. Moura and M.C.M. Rodrigues, 1999
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.68 0.26 3.31 0.43 Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
From individual food items 3.40 0.45 Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item
Ref. Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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