主要參考文獻 | Randall, J.E., 1999 |
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附註 | Inhabits exposed outer reef flats and lagoon and seaward reefs, in areas of mixed sand, coral and rubble (Ref. 9710). Juveniles occur in small tide pools. Feeds mainly on hard-shelled prey, including crustaceans, mollusks and sea urchins. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Hard Bottom; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
參考文獻 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Gomon, M.F. and J.E. Randall, 1984 |
攝取食物的習慣 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Gomon, M.F. and J.E. Randall, 1984 |
Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
從食物內容 | |||||
從個別的食物項目 | 3.38 | 0.40 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
參考文獻 |