| Ref. principal | Schuster, W.H., 1960 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Feeds on algae as well as on zooplankton and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 11889). Inhabits coastal waters, entering bays and estuaries. Euryhaline. Also found in freshwater. Forms small shoals near the surface. Feeds on benthic invertebrates, small crustaceans and worms (Ref. 9773). Temperature is the prime factor responsible for limiting the habitat of the species to tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian and the Pacific Ocean. Also, susceptibility to predation limits the distribution of the species. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Halwart, M. and M.V. Gupta, 2004 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | shoaling; |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Schuster, W.H., 1960 |
| Hábito alimentar | grazing on aquatic plants |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Schuster, W.H., 1960 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 2.03 | 0.06 | |||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 2.54 | 0.14 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Hiatt, R.W., 1944 | ||||