Main Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |
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Remarks | Inhabits rich coastal to outer reefs, usually along deep walls with caves, rich with invertebrate growth such as large sponges or soft corals (Ref. 48635). A secretive species; active nocturnally in shallow water and diurnally in deeper water (Ref. 5222). Often seen with the cleaner shrimp Periclimenes elegans (Ref. 37816). Feeds mainly on fishes (Ref. 5222). Solitary or in small groups (Ref 90102). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs: reef slope/drop-offs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
Ref. | Myers, R.F., 1999 |
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Associations | symbiosis; |
Associated with | Often seen with the cleaner shrimp Periclimenes elegans (Ref. 37816). |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.33 | 0.71 | |||
From individual food items | 4.00 | 0.66 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |