Ecology Summary - Auxis thazard

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Main Ref.	Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
Remarks	Larvae found closer to the coast. Shoaling species. Feeds on small fishes, clupeids, squids and small crustaceans (Ref. 9773). Epipelagic (Also Ref. 9773) in neritic and oceanic waters (Ref. 9340). Feeds on small fish, squids, planktonic crustaceans (megalops), and stomatopod larvae (Ref. 5213). Because of their abundance, they are considered an important element of the food web, particularly as forage for other species of commercial interest. Preyed upon by larger fishes, including other tunas (Ref. 9987). Confined to oceanic salinities with strong schooling behavior. Though larvae have a high temperature tolerance (at least between 21.6 and 30.5°C), the widest among tuna species studied, their optimum temperature is between 27 and 27.9°C.

Main Ref.

Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983

Remarks

Larvae found closer to the coast. Shoaling species. Feeds on small fishes, clupeids, squids and small crustaceans (Ref. 9773). Epipelagic (Also Ref. 9773) in neritic and oceanic waters (Ref. 9340). Feeds on small fish, squids, planktonic crustaceans (megalops), and stomatopod larvae (Ref. 5213). Because of their abundance, they are considered an important element of the food web, particularly as forage for other species of commercial interest. Preyed upon by larger fishes, including other tunas (Ref. 9987). Confined to oceanic salinities with strong schooling behavior. Though larvae have a high temperature tolerance (at least between 21.6 and 30.5°C), the widest among tuna species studied, their optimum temperature is between 27 and 27.9°C.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Auxis thazard may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Pelagic;
Substrate Ref.	Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations	shoaling;
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Uchida, R.N., 1981
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition	4.37	0.38	4.19	0.60	Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
From individual food items	4.32	0.72			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.	Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990

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