| 主要參考文獻。 | Myers, R.F., 1991 |
|---|---|
| 附註 | Solitary and slow moving. The species occurs in a wide range of habitats from estuaries and inner reef flats and lagoons to a depth of at least 50 m on outer reef slopes. It tends to be more common in sandy to rubble areas than in coral-rich areas. It feeds both during night and day on a wide range of marine organisms, including some algae (Ref. 11889). Omnivore (Ref. 57615). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| 基板 | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| 基板參考值 | |
| 特殊棲息地 | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| 特殊棲息地 Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
| 參考文獻 | |
|---|---|
| 協會 | |
| 相關聯 | |
| 協會備註 | |
| 寄生 |
| 攝取食物的類型 | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
|---|---|
| 供料類型 Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
| 攝取食物的習慣 | variable |
| 餵飼習慣 Ref. | Myers, R.F., 1991 |
| Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 從食物內容 | 3.24 | 3.08 | 0.20 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
| 從個別的食物項目 | 3.10 | 0.38 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 參考文獻 | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 | ||||