Main Ref. | Myers, R.F., 1999 |
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Remarks | Adults inhabit sand and seagrass areas of protected lagoon reefs (Ref. 37816). Larval forms occur in mangrove waters (Ref. 43081). Major food items include amphipods, seaweeds, seagrasses, polychaetes and molluscs (Ref. 58881). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Nakamura, Y., M. Horinouchi, T. Nakai and M. Sano, 2003 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Peristiwady, T. and P. Geistdoerfer, 1991 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.97 | 0.39 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |