Main Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
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Remarks | Mainly in brackish waters of estuaries and inlets, coastal rivers and tidal creeks, occasionally entering lower sections of freshwater streams (Ref. 44894). Juveniles inhabit protected bays and estuaries (Ref. 47715). Usually occurs singly or small groups, but may migrate in schools (Ref. 48635). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.59 | 0.48 | 3.51 | 0.62 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.34 | 0.45 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 |